This was a Scottish plot to place Bonnie Prince Charlie on the throne of Great Britain. The There are several primary, secondary schools and colleges in the villages of Washington. Another disaster of the more usual kind struck the mine in 1778 when 24 miners were killed. It expanded dr… Bell moved on to become involved in bigger industrial concerns on Teesside establishing the firm of Bell Brothers and the Isaac’s son, the ironmaster Sir Thomas Bell, seems to have resided at Washington New Hall at some point and his famous daughter, Gertrude Bell, was born at the hall in 1868. It is a reminder that this area was once an airfield.The Washington riverside on the southern edge of the new town is a surprisingly appealing spot even though it was once a thriving centre of industrial activity. When customs raids were made in attempts to bring suspected perpetrators under the law the local community would form a bridge of boats across the river allowing the wanted men to quickly escape. One was the Beamish Wagonway of 1780 that linked coal mines in the Their fortunes as riverside settlements were closely tied to the development of the coal port of Sunderland further down the river to which they once supplied coal for shipment.Here, around Fatfield, the river is tidal and so it was swiftly navigable in the age of coal shipment when the tide was right. Thankfully real names are now favoured. Bell was sometimes known as the ‘uncrowned Queen of Iraq’ or ‘the most powerful woman in the British Empire’.Nineteenth century Britain, like Arabia, was very much a man’s world so this formidable lady with fuzzy ginger hair must have seemed a rather remarkable and extraordinary character. They were kept inside a tanned leather bag safely locked away within a chest but unfortunately the great flood of 1771 which caused much devastation on the Wear, Tyne and Tees took with it many of Drummond’s possessions including the precious papers.He would spend much of the remaining part of life searching for the papers. Here he could be protected. However, the final decision rested with the House of Lords.The day before the inquest was to be held in London, Drummond who had been provided with a brand new suit by Lambton went out on the town in his new attire and got very drunk. The word ‘Lough’, pronounced ‘Loff’ show that the Northumbrian term for a lake was also used in County Durham, quite different from the English word ‘lake’ or Scottish ‘loch’.The Washington village church of 1831 was built by Benjamin Green who also built the famous Penshaw Monument nearby. It could mean ‘Bede’s ditch’, ‘by the ditch’ or ‘beyond the ditch’ though which ditch it referred to is unknown. Though he wasn’t captured, Drummond was stripped of his lands.Following the battle, the Earl hid for a time in a secret location close to Drummond Castle, his now confiscated home, before fleeing south on a ship from which he disembarked at He was then smuggled up river to South Biddick, which as we have seen was a tight-lipped community where fugitives were probably welcomed without question. Eventually in 1853, the Drummond estate was awarded to a Count Melforth who was a more distantly related heir than Drummond had been. It was intended to provide new housing for existing communities in the area as well as for overspill populations in neighbouring Tyneside and Wearside. Chartershaugh was a focus for its colliery innovations in the 1700s and sometime before 1753 a Michael Menzies developed a machine that drew up coal from the Chartershaugh coal mine in buckets.The colliery sufffered from a natural disaster in 1771 when the river flood of that year destroyed the mine along with several other neighbouring collieries. The large number of coal mines in the neighbourhood are thought to have been another factor in his choice of refuge as they provided potential hiding places. It operated as a military air base until its closure in 1958 and reopened as Sunderland Airport in 1962. Follow this link to register the Ward website so that it appears here. It is thought that by this time the authorities had forgotten all about Drummond believing him to have drowned or escaped to France.Drummond still had hopes of retaining his land and title some day and on at least one occasion is said to have headed back to visit his old castle in Scotland in disguise. In the 2001 census 1,930 people lived in 703 households, of whom 820 were economically active. Drummond moved in with a mining family at South Biddick called Armstrong (a Scottish Border Reiver surname) but the family were not aware of his true identity.Drummond found work selling shoes at South Biddick but kept a low profile. The eighteen districts are either named from existing local features or, as in the case of Albany, Columbia, Concord and Sulgrave are named from an American or Washington family themes.The districts named from local features include Donwell named from the source of the River Don which begins near here and eventually enters the Tyne at Also in this group of local names are Black Fell from the name of the high hill near the motorway to the west. These numbered districts have gradually been removed as well as increased, and now road signs indicate the villages' names instead of district number. Later, the Elsie Marley song was incorporated into a work by Sir Walter Scott entitled Rickleton was once a tiny farming village noted for a bone mill and smithy, but two very early railways once ran close to the outskirts.
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