In November 1468 Fernao Gomes rented the trade monopoly in North Africa in exchange for discovering 320 miles of coastline each year in the Gulf of Guinea for five years.
Juan had married Blanche of Navarre and had been King of Navarre since 1425. During Pedroâs regency (1441-47) the Portuguese sent twenty expeditions to the Atlantic coast of Africa and no military campaigns to Morocco. From Cairo in 1491 Covilha sent a letter back to Joao with the Jewish José de Lamego.
In 1429 Alfonsoâs Queen Maria persuaded him and her brother Juan II of Castile to avoid war. Isabel and Fernando lacked money and called a council at Medina del Campo on July 27, and they asked the Church for a loan of thirty million maravedis.Enrique IVâs Queen Juana died in Madrid on December 12, 1475. Marti sought to constrain the power of the aristocrats and to restore the fiscal stability of the kingdom. For details, please see your browser’s Help section (by pressing F1). In January 1471 the gold trade began at Shama Bay, later named the Gold Coast.Burgh-charters were generally revised in 1472. African pirates were raiding the coast of Andalusia, and in 1400 Castileâs Enrique III (r. 1390-1406) sent a naval expedition against Tetuan that destroyed the piratesâ home city of Martin.
This has resulted in an increasingly aging population, with the median age at 46.2 years. In September 1505 Cardinal Cisneros sent Diego Fernandez de Cordova with 10,000 men in ships to attack the Bay of Mers-el-Kabir in Algeria. Joao let them in for payment of eight cruzados each but only for eight months. When he could not renew a truce in 1427, the city of Granada revolted against paying more tribute.
Alfonso V favored a wider franchise, and election reforms spread from Jativa in 1427 to other towns in Valencia.
In March 1515 Albuquerque used 3,000 men on 27 ships to reconquer Ormuz in the Persian Gulf. That month Fernando began the siege of Antequera for which he became famous. In July 1494 Isabel and Fernando argued that Jews had taken prohibited goods with them, and they ordered all their outstanding debts collected and put in the royal treasury.Queen Isabel could have pawned jewels to pay for the three ships Christopher On May 29, 1493 instructions for his second voyage provided Columbus with seventeen ships and 1,200 men for the purposes of strengthening the Spanish claim in the islands, bringing back gold, and contacting the Asian mainland. Benchomo led the resistance that killed six hundred Spaniards in an ambush and wounded so many they only survived by Benchomoâs mercy.
Alonso de Guzman and Rodrigo Narvaez led raids into Granada in 1420, but Muhammad IX let frontier judges resolve the disputes. Rodrigo Ponce de Leon gathered 2,500 cavalry and 3,000 infantry, and on February 28 Ortega de Prado led the attack on the key citadel at Alhama. In 1439 the Council of Basel deposed Pope Eugenius IV and elected Felix V. Then they authorized Visconti and Alfonso to conquer the Papal States. 71% Estimate numbers are from the beginning of the year, and exact population figures are for countries that held a census on various dates in that year. In 1432 Alfonso wanted to return to Italy, and he planned to turn Aragon over to Juan, who was King of Navarre; but the Catalan Cortes asked him to make Queen Maria regent, and he did so. The Act of Resumption transferred half the revenues of the nobles to the Crown, giving the monarchs an annual income of 30,000,000 A committee in Madrid asked the monarchs to recruit a force of 200 soldiers for Castile. In January 1416 Fernando withdrew his obedience from Benedict XIII, and he died on April 2.Fernandoâs son Alfonso had married his cousin Maria of Castile at Valencia in 1415, and he succeeded his father as Alfonso V (r. 1416-58). Fernando died in 1470.
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